I looked at the website and there are two methods to collect the stem cells. The first method is usually a one-time procedure, drilling a hole in your pelvic bones (not spinal cord) to get the stem cells. The second method takes much longer to collect enough stem cells from your blood and the donor might experience side effect from the stimulating drug because stem cells are stored in your bones, not in your bloodstreams. I think the initial screening can be done by swapping the inner wall of mouth or with blood.
1) Bone marrow stem cell donation is a surgical procedure performed under anaesthesia. The collection physician will use special, hollow needles to withdraw liquid marrow from the back of your pelvic bones. Normally about a litre of fluid is taken. The procedure usually lasts from 45-90 minutes. The collection includes blood along with the stem cells from your bone marrow. Total volume ranges from under 0.5 litres to as much as 1.5 litres, depending on your size and the size of the recipient. Both blood and stem cells from your bone marrow are replenished within six weeks.
2) Stimulated peripheral blood stem cell donation
Another way to donate stem cells is through your circulating blood. To increase the number of stem cells in your peripheral blood, you will receive injections of a drug called granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) every day for four to five days. The stem cells are then collected using a procedure called apheresis where your blood is drawn through a needle. The blood is then passed through a centrifuge where the stem cells are separated from the rest of your blood. The remaining blood is returned back into your body through another needle. This is a non-surgical procedure.
The apheresis procedure is commonly used in a variety of situations - for example, plasma donors may undergo apheresis up to 52 times a year. The long-term side effects (more than ten years) of the drug used to stimulate the production of stem cells are unknown at this time. Possible short-term side effects include mild to moderate bone pain, muscle pain, headaches, flu-like symptoms, nausea and vomiting, and redness or pain at the injection site. |