蘋 論 ： 公 眾 人 物 的 隱 私 權 有 限 制(李怡) 多, 酷

kipposhi

2008/02/18

在 前 天 無 籌 款 節 目 中 ， 阿 嬌 與 拍 檔 阿 Sa 獻 唱 一 曲 ， 筆 者 特 地 看 了 電 視 這 一 段 ， 感到 阿 嬌 神 色 凝 重 ， 笑 與 唱 都 很 勉 強 。 阿 嬌 所 屬 公 司 ， 在 淫 照 事 件 後 要 阿 嬌 多 次 亮 相， 目 的 當 然 是 要 測 試 觀 眾 對 她 的 接 受 程 度 。 然 而 ， 在 事 件 仍 然 擾 攘 不 息 、 所 有 當 事人 都 避 不 露 面 的 時 候 ， 要 阿 嬌 這 去 那 去 ， 無 疑 是 在 她 的 傷 口 上 撒 鹽 ， 也 真 夠 殘 酷 了。
淫 照 風 暴 牽 引 出 來 的 問 題 不 少 ， 其 中 與 公 眾 利 益 直 接 有 關 的 ， 是 警 方 的 選 擇 性 執 法和 屯 門 法 院 主 任 裁 判 官 郭 偉 健 對 鍾 亦 天 不 准 保 釋 的 裁 決 。 在 控 方 基 於 淫 審 處 對 照 片評 級 定 為 不 雅 而 撤 銷 控 告 之 後 ， 鍾 亦 天 也 獲 無 罪 釋 放 。 但 郭 法 官 在 庭 上 卻 花 了 很 多篇 幅 批 評 鍾 亦 天 的 行 為 。 他 說 ， 保 護 私 隱 不 受 踐 踏 是 任 何 人 與 生 俱 來 的 尊 嚴 和 權 利， 鍾 亦 天 將 相 中 人 展 露 性 器 官 的 裸 照 上 載 到 網 上 討 論 區 ， 嚴 重 侵 犯 相 關 人 士 的 私 隱， 不 但 傷 害 他 們 在 公 眾 心 目 中 的 形 象 ， 更 會 影 響 他 們 的 事 業 發 展 ， 在 道 德 層 面 是 極令 人 反 感 的 行 為 。
社 會 上 亦 有 人 提 出 與 郭 官 類 似 的 看 法 。 例 如 鄭 裕 玲 ， 前 天 就 表 示 ， 這 些 照 片 很 Private ， 濫 交 固 然 不 對 ， 但 這 是 他 們 自 己 私 下 的 事 ， 其 他 人 無 權 批 評 ， 亦 不 涉 及他 們 的 工 作 ， 「 搵 都 係 搵 偷 相 人 」 。 不 少 人 都 持 類 似 看 法 ， 認 為 男 歡 女 愛 ， 喜 歡 怎樣 ， 是 他 們 私 人 的 事 ， 不 涉 公 眾 利 益 ， 侵 犯 別 人 私 隱 ， 無 論 是 偷 這 些 照 片 ， 或 發 佈這 些 照 片 ， 因 未 經 當 事 人 同 意 ， 都 是 不 道 德 。
一 般 來 說 ， 性 愛 自 拍 是 很 平 常 的 事 ， 一 般 人 的 私 隱 自 然 應 受 尊 重 與 保 護 。 但 公 眾 人物 則 有 所 不 同 。 台 灣 中 央 大 學 哲 學 所 授 卡 維 波 （ 本 名 甯 應 斌 ） 在 淫 照 風 波 後 寫 了 一篇 文 章 ， 他 說 ， 「 公 眾 人 物 的 隱 私 權 是 受 限 制 的 ， 人 們 對 其 隱 私 有 公 眾 的 興 趣 ， 故而 八 卦 狗 仔 的 追 星 可 以 被 社 會 容 忍 ， 被 曝 光 的 名 人 隱 私 也 難 以 被 隱 私 權 所 保 障 。 從這 個 角 度 來 說 ， 警 方 應 更 重 視 普 通 市 民 的 秘 照 外 流 ， 而 不 是 對 於 公 眾 人 物 的 秘 照 外流 ， 以 不 惜 忽 略 法 治 的 威 力 掃 蕩 ， 難 怪 香 港 網 民 要 抗 議 警 方 的 階 級 歧 視 。 」
前 年 ， 警 方 對 普 通 市 民 的 「 極 惡 港 女 迫 女 除 衫 事 件 」 的 報 案 不 了 了 之 ； 今 年 卻 大 舉出 動 掃 蕩 明 星 淫 照 ， 這 是 執 法 上 的 顛 倒 。 正 確 做 法 應 是 保 護 普 通 市 民 ， 而 對 公 眾 人物 的 隱 私 就 可 以 不 了 了 之 。
為 甚 麼 公 眾 人 物 的 隱 私 受 限 制 呢 ？ 因 為 他 們 從 公 眾 關 注 中 得 到 利 益 ， 基 於 權 利 與 義 務 關 係 的 理 由 ， 也 就 必 然 要 受 限 制 。 例 如 阿 嬌 以 她 的 清 純 玉 女 形 象 賣 錢 ， 自 應 有 珍 惜 羽 毛 的 義 務 ， 淫 照 不 可 免 涉 及 她的 工 作 。 公 眾 人 物 隱 私 的 暴 露 ， 有 可 能 戳 破 公 眾 人 物 的 偽 善 ， 並 引 起 大 眾 的 興 趣 。
名 人 私 隱 ， 是 不 是 牽 涉 公 眾 利 益 ？ 這 關 乎 對 「 公 眾 利 益 」 的 解 釋 。 美 國 法 律 學 者 Clay Calvert 寫 過 一 本 叫 《 Voyeur Nation 》 的 書 ， 提 出 所 謂 公 眾 利 益 ， 究 竟 是指 大 眾 喜 歡 觀 看 的 東 西 ， 所 以 是 被 觀 眾 多 寡 等 經 濟 市 場 因 素 所 決 定 的 ？ 還 是 說 ， 所謂 公 眾 利 益 是 指 大 眾 必 須 觀 看 的 東 西 ， 所 以 是 被 政 府 機 關 和 政 治 人 物 所 決 定 的 ？ 簡單 說 ， 公 眾 利 益 是 由 大 眾 想 要 觀 看 的 東 西 來 衡 量 ， 還 是 由 大 眾 必 須 觀 看 的 東 西 來 衡量 ？

Clay Calvert 引 用 1981 年 美 國 最 高 法 院 的 判 例 ， 指 出 美 國 聯 邦 電 訊 委 員 會 （ FCC ） 尊 重 市 場 因 素 而 非 政 府 干 預 ， 符 合 美 國 憲 法 修 正 案 第 一 條 對 言 論 自 由 保 障 。 這 案件 涉 及 一 家 公 司 買 下 一 個 廣 播 電 台 ， 要 將 原 本 播 古 典 音 樂 的 時 段 改 播 流 行 音 樂 ， 因為 這 樣 比 較 有 利 可 圖 。 當 地 政 府 要 求 FCC 干 預 這 項 改 變 ， 但 FCC 認 為 不 插 手 更 符 合公 眾 利 益 。 法 院 判 FCC 得 直 ， 判 決 是 以 大 眾 喜 歡 看 而 不 是 政 府 認 為 必 須 看 ， 去 闡 釋公 眾 利 益 。 很 明 顯 ， 大 多 數 人 都 對 公 眾 人 物 的 隱 私 感 興 趣 ， 因 此 對 公 眾 人 物 ， 隱 私權 是 有 限 制 的 。
作 為 公 眾 人 物 ， 既 從 公 眾 中 得 到 利 益 ， 就 要 對 自 己 的 隱 私 冒 較 大 的 風 險 ， 因 此 要 做好 風 險 管 理 。 私 隱 被 洩 漏 ， 形 象 遭 破 壞 ， 是 不 能 訴 諸 執 法 的 偏 袒 的 。

Alcoholic

原帖由 Maggie 於 2008-2-26 12:03 AM 發表


so i guess we can conclude that the adaptability of HK audience is wonderfully and amazingly excellent.  All they need is more "artists" like ah-gill who doesn't have natural talent in what she is d ...

Yes ga. other than the old artists that were a big hit on TV while i was young... otherwise, i don't see any/much talented artists that deserves that kind of career nowadays. and look at how well those trash artists are doing so well in mainland (ie: twins), and you know that how important it is for HK to to keep on producing the same sort of hallow artists. if you go back to hk, and look in any magazine, then look at the people out on the street.... they all copy what the artists are wearing, style, personality etc. i wouldn't say all, but ALOT of hongers have no personality. that's why they need stars, to guide them their way through life, give them something to so-call "look up to". pretty sad. that's why this incident has such big impact on hk.

chunsh

原帖由 Maggie 於 2008-2-26 00:03 發表


so i guess we can conclude that the adaptability of HK audience is wonderfully and amazingly excellent.  All they need is more "artists" like ah-gill who doesn't have natural talent in what she is d ...

"It made me LOL when I heard the news that Chinese government will penalize "artists" who matches with the recording instead of singing live.  It's so funny..."

funny and not funny
people pay $$ to watch their live shows, not paying to listening CD
if they can't do live, then don't do it

Maggie

原帖由 Alcoholic 於 2008-2-25 08:30 發表

1. obviously the honger artists have very low technique, even if they went through any "professional" training. The whole world knows that most honger artists' skills SUCK. we don't want any of that  ...

so i guess we can conclude that the adaptability of HK audience is wonderfully and amazingly excellent.  All they need is more "artists" like ah-gill who doesn't have natural talent in what she is doing as her career, inner qualities as a person and pure image as a "commercial product".  Eventually, HK audience will be able to be satisfied with anything they get, and they will be able to appreciate any form of entertainment.

It made me LOL when I heard the news that Chinese government will penalize "artists" who matches with the recording instead of singing live.  It's so funny...

Alcoholic

原帖由 Maggie 於 2008-2-25 02:33 AM 發表

1) Why the public has such low requirement and expectations from "artists/ actors/ actresses/ singers" in terms of technical levels?? Isn't their skills in what they are doing the most important (more important than??  They make lots of money from YOU!!!!!
2) Why people are ok with singers who can't sing but not okay with someone who has a 純情玉女 image but not a 純情玉女 in reality??

1. obviously the honger artists have very low technique, even if they went through any "professional" training. The whole world knows that most honger artists' skills SUCK. we don't want any of that sh!t, but the record company only pushes these kinda product out. and since alot of new generation audience only look at appearance, & chinese world needs entertainers, so trash artists continue to be promoted every year. but since, i don't find their appearance attractive, & their "talent" is painful to my ears with lyrics that doesn't make sense, i don't even watch chinese movies or listen to any chinese songs. so thus, they can't make any $ off of me.

2. as stated in #1, people already lowered their expectations. & since their acting skills SUCKS too....AND they get busted for not being able to keep the ONLY ASSET THAT HONGER ARTISTS HAVE - IMAGE, then it's even more disappointing to the audience because their expectation are basically lowered to the floor just for the sake for having some sort of entertainer.

Maggie

原帖由 superberry 於 2008-2-24 00:47 發表
Maggie, I don't agree with your points.... seems like you getting two things mixing up.

1. All professionals that you mentioned have their own union/organization to guide their code of conduct. Peopl ...

Exactly superberry.  Occupations such as doctor has high education requirement (as well as moral of course, they have their own codes of conduct) and pastor has the Bible.  Other than the specific requirements in their own field, they are also judge by public.  I am sure we have heard our mom and their friends sharing tips such as which family doctor is better, which accountant is more helpful and which church has friendlier people.  It proves that other than the "standard" requirements from their own field, people "grade" their doctors and etc according to their own needs.  How come only "professional artist/ actors/ actresses/ singers" can be exempted from their "professional requirements"?  I don't know if you play any musical instruments but I think most people know that there's standardized exams for musicians such as violinists and pianists.  There's formal training for singers too and there's exams such like for singers exactly like violinists and pianists.  In addition, Eason Chan had formal vocal training when he was in UK; not sure what grade he got however.  Also, there are acting schools and singing schools.  Many HK celeb attended 香港演藝學院.  You have pointed out the problem that I have.  Artists/ actors/ singers have EVERY formal trainings they need just like other professions.  How come Hong Kong people are okay to accept and buy albums of a "singer" who is simply selling her image, not her singing skills?  Shouldn't the public feel deceived?  Why do they have such low expectation on "artists" comparing to other professions??  Shouldn't the core focus be the qualification of the "artist" just like we have on other professions even though they were not required to present their degree as after all, "art" which is not scientific study.  I don't know how much good 純情玉女 image does to a singer.  Anita Mui was never really a 純情玉女 and I think she is a great singer.  Twins had sung live shows and I wasn't really impressed by their singing skills nor their dance.  Since they called themselves singer, because I can't see themselves as singers by their level of singer, I did not buy their 純情玉女 image.  By the way, since I don't really believe that she is/ was a 純情玉女, therefore I wasn't that offended or disappointed when those pictures were out.

In summary, the questions that I have are:
1) Why the public has such low requirement and expectations from "artists/ actors/ actresses/ singers" in terms of technical levels?? Isn't their skills in what they are doing the most important (more important than??  They make lots of money from YOU!!!!!
2) Why people are ok with singers who can't sing but not okay with someone who has a 純情玉女 image but not a 純情玉女 in reality??

So weird... people's reaction in the past while is just illogical to me...

superberry

Maggie, I don't agree with your points.... seems like you getting two things mixing up.

1. All professionals that you mentioned have their own union/organization to guide their code of conduct. People are required to have certain degree and to pass certain exams to become a professional. So, if a person claims to be let say a doctor, but he doesn't have a vailid degree or license, then he breaks the code of conduct, and it is not forgivable by the society. Or if a pastor sexual harrass a girl, it is a big deal to the society since the pastor is governed by the code of conduct of his own church. However, there's no such organization or code of conduct to require an artist to have a vocal or musical degree. So, comparing a doctor or pastor with an artist is like comparing orange and apple.

2. Like the article said, Ah Gill had been selling her 純情玉女 image. This is simply a demand and supply. Now, we all know she is not a 純情玉女 at all from day one. So demand drops dramatically for sure! I think that's partly explain why people are more forgiving to EDC after he makes his appologize. Since, he has been selling a bad boy image to sell money. So demand won't drop as much, his image in our mind is always a bad boy. The only thing that surprises me is that EDC has a small dick

[ 本帖最後由 superberry 於 2008-2-24 00:49 編輯 ]

Maggie

原帖由 SAZABI 於 2008-2-19 09:47 發表

I think that it is somehow right that "他 們 從 公 眾 關 注 中 得 到 利 益".  Those professional you mentioned don't get anything from public attention.  So, I don't know why you wrote such reply as an arguement to that point.

These professional, if they are caught doing something like EDC did, people will react to it because people expect higher moral standard from these professions.  Maybe it's beneficial for them to be popular, but mostly like, they won't get much 利 益 from 公 眾 關 注.  Also, ah gil and EDC were blamed for bringing bad influences for the society as they are supposed to be role models.  If a doctor is caught for not having a valid degree, this doctor will be in big big big trouble.  However, how many of those who considered and called themselves "artists" or "singers" are artistically/musically talented and are able to sing in a professional level?  How many of them got their degree in vocal music?  Therefore, I think having "singers" who can't really sing (not in a professional level yet produce albums and earn money from public out of it) is a bigger and more serious problem than having "artists"/"singers" taking hardcore pictures of their private parts.
With that said, I think 公 眾 should pick the right thing to 關 注. It is very bad for a child to believe that "I don't have to reveal much good inner qualities and master in what I do as long as I have a cute looking face".
沈殿霞 is remembered for her professionalism in terms of techniques (her singing as a singer and hosting skills as a MC for many big events) as well as her inner qualities (punctuality, love and care for friends, generosity, willingness to teach and assist unexperienced "youngsters", respect towards her mother and affections for her child).  Think about all the Hong Kong "artists" in this generation: how many of them will be remembered for their inner qualities and techniques?  If only a minority of them can be truly considered a true artist, shouldn't 公 眾 in Hong Kong pays more 關 注 towards the quality of their "artists" since their children (or even themselves) considered them "role models"??

Alcoholic

if ham sup, then i rather ham sup AV girls la.... easy to collect cards/videos too!
- face, body, definitely much better than the stars
- technique.... need a test drive to know la

big_tooth

原帖由 SAZABI 於 2008-2-20 12:26 發表


yeah... why on earth would some people call that sexual release... what a weirdo...

Because both you said Chunsh said you guys are "ham sup" and wants to see those pictures.